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Hit enter to return to the slide.SUBMIT ALLsubmit allQuestion ListMore infoSend an emailCloseBioExitchapter 8 – vehicle extrication chapter 34 – vehicle extrication introduction introduction vehicle extrication is a vital service provided by today’s fire departments common incidents introduction second to ems calls, motor vehicle crashes (mvc’s) are the most common incidents systems designed to protect occupants can slow our efforts and place rescuers in danger the golden hour introduction elapsed time between the moment of the patient’s injury and their arrival at a hospital we control the 15-30 minute window from arrival through extrication operations chapter 34: vehicle extrication introduction chapter goal this lesson will provide the student with the basic principles of safely removing an injured person from a damaged vehicle. chapter sections introduction vehicle design & technologies tools & equipment mvc rescue operational cycle tools & equip. preventive maintenance summary vehicle design & technologies vehicle design & technologies chapter 34: vehicle extrication-objectives vehicle design & technologies following completion, the student should be able to list or describe the following: the terms unibody and full frame construction types of glass used in vehicles four types of alternative fuels five concerns of hybrid vehicles four types of safety systems used in vehicles today’s vehicles vehicle design & technologies new technology in vehicles impacts our responses to crashes, car fires and medical calls constantly update your knowledge of new vehicle technologies unibody construction vehicle design & technologies most vehicles are now built using unibody construction strong if all components are intact displacing any of components can weaken the vehicle’s integrity other types of construction vehicle design & technologies full-frame construction was typical of older vehicles space-frame construction uses a roll cage for the vehicle’s structural integrity energy absorption areas vehicle design & technologies crumple zones absorb energy (crush) during a crash nose of the vehicle compresses structural reinforcement ties the sides, floor, and firewall together relief cuts sever the crush zone reinforcements vehicle design & technologies high-strength steels and alloys are used to reinforce lighter weight vehicles boron and other steel alloys are extremely difficult to cut vehicle posts vehicle design & technologies seat belt attachments in the roof posts can add difficulty to cutting alternative techniques may be needed to defeat these reinforcements windows vehicle design & technologies laminated glass tempered safety glass new enhanced protective glass (epg) uses a polycarbonate glazing two types of glass are widely used batteries vehicle design & technologies both battery cables must be disconnected at crashes many batteries are located outside the engine compartment locating the batteries can be difficult hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles vehicle design & technologies high voltage systems cause concerns alternative fueled vehicles have erg’s available from the us dot hybrid electric power vehicle design & technologies there is no reason to interact with the high voltage battery! hv batteries orange hv cables blue intermediate power cables front supplemental restraint systems (srs) vehicle design & technologies disconnect the battery to drain the energy from airbag computer dual stage airbags have two inflation modules a deployed airbag does not mean it is spent! side safety systems vehicle design & technologies protect the occupant’s side and head be careful where you place your body and tools during door and side operations disconnecting the battery helps prevent deployment photo courtesy of delphi side curtain / head protection systems vehicle design & technologies inflation system faster reaction than frontal srs inflation module contains a small pyrotechnic charge the module also contains up to 10,000 psi of inert gas cutting the cylinder can be dangerous for the rescuer and the victim locating inflation modules vehicle design & technologies cut below the module if possible if you must cut above, avoid the pyrotechnic charge always disconnect the vehicle’s battery strip the interior trim from the posts seat belt pre-tensioners vehicle design & technologies powered devices that remove slack from seatbelts disarmed by disconnecting the battery driven by a pyrotechnic charge, gas cylinder, or an electric motor other safety systems vehicle design & technologies advances in safety tools & equipment tools & equipment chapter 34: vehicle extrication-objectives tools & equipment following completion, the student should be able to describe or demonstrate the following: four things that rescue tools do four types of hand tools used in vehicle rescue six types of extrication hydraulic tools four types of stabilization equipment three types of victim and rescuer protection equipment tool functions tools & equipment sever distort displace divide into two or more parts change an object’s shape without severing moving an object from its original position reducing objects to their basic parts disassemble hand tools tools & equipment common extrication hand tools hacksaw razor knife hammer chisel tin snips crowbar screwdrivers wire cutters center punch bolt cutters mechanic tools come-a-long power hydraulic tools tools & equipment supplied by a power unit pressures between 3,000 and 10,500 psi hydraulic pump driven by a gasoline, diesel, electric, or compressed gas motor power hydraulic tools tools & equipment cutters ram combination tool spreader photos courtesy of holmatro usa air tools tools & equipment air chisel impact tool that uses various bits to cut materials impact wrench uses a socket to disassemble components reciprocating saw tools & equipment blade cuts in a back and forth motion severing materials battery, 110v, or even air powered blade choice is a critical factor in its use saw must remain stationary to work cribbing tools & equipment first tool for stabilization wood or composite step chocks manufactured versions photo courtesy of powerhawk tension buttress systems tools & equipment stabilize vehicles not on their wheels ratchet straps tension the brace against the vehicle struts are placed at a 45° angle against the vehicle ratchet straps tools & equipment nylon straps that can be tightened to assist stabilization hold back vehicle components such as roof flaps or doors tie vehicles together or hold struts in place lifting bags tools & equipment compressed air inflates the bag to lift or spread objects capacity varies with surface area and inflation pressure victim and rescuer protection equipment tools & equipment soft protection protect the patient from glass or weather edge protection covers sharp edges created by the crash or cutting hard protection shatter proof barriers to protect the patient and rescuer mvc rescue operational cycle mvc rescue operational cycle chapter 34: vehicle extrication-objectives mvc rescue operational cycle following completion, the student should be able to describe or demonstrate the following: the duties of the incident commander at a vehicle rescue incident the types of extrication zones and their purpose what actions regarding victim management need to be initiated at an extrication what actions regarding vehicle control need to be initiated at an extrication chapter 34: vehicle extrication-objectives mvc rescue operational cycle following completion, the student should be able to describe or demonstrate the following: eight common hazards at an extrication incident four on-scene safety rules to be followed at extrication incidents the procedures for using cribs and chocks for stabilization two common types of glass found at extrication incidents chapter 34: vehicle extrication-objectives mvc rescue operational cycle following completion, the student should be able to describe or demonstrate the following: at least four situations that can occur at vehicle extrication incidents four types of vehicle rescue evolutions steps in the operational cycle mvc rescue operational cycle basic components scene size up mvc rescue operational cycle number of vehicles, injuries, and trapped victims rapid patient assessment condition and type of vehicle hazards such as power lines, fuel leaks, or hazmat photo courtesy of west hartford fd (ct) scene management mvc rescue operational cycle hot zone only people directly involved in the extrication 10-20 feet in every direction keep the are free of unused tools and debris scene management mvc rescue operational cycle warm zone tool staging only rescuers and those involved with patient removal scene management mvc rescue operational cycle cold zone command post and pio buffer between the rescue and any onlookers photo courtesy of www.brettsfirephotos.com staging area mvc rescue operational cycle staging keeps uncommitted personnel and apparatus available and prevents freelancing photo courtesy of the torrington fd initial actions mvc rescue operational cycle stabilization patient access is the vehicle turned off? remove the keys (proximity keys) disconnect the 12v battery patient condition is extrication needed? consider hazard identification and control mvc rescue operational cycle create a safe working environment fire hazards srs utilities instability loads / cargo fuel leaks weather crowds hazmat batteries lighting debris protecting the scene mvc rescue operational cycle position apparatus to block the scene perform a 360° sweep around the incident scene motor vehicle crash ppe mvc rescue operational cycle mvc ppe consists of foot, eye, hand and head protection as well as turnout gear or jumpsuits be prepared for hazards mvc rescue operational cycle deploy a manned handline with a capacity of at least 100 gpm vehicle stabilization mvc rescue operational cycle create a solid foundation to work from remove the glass to prevent it from exploding during extrication deflate the tires to transfer the weight to the cribbing patient management mvc rescue operational cycle provide basic life support manage airway and c-spine stabilization causes of injuries mvc rescue operational cycle injuries are occurring in a different manner than decades ago airbag deployment without seatbelts new construction / crumple zones space making mvc rescue operational cycle provide space to access, provide care, and remove the patient packaging and disentanglement mvc rescue operational cycle cover any sharp edges many devices exist to assist in removing patients training mvc rescue operational cycle prepare yourself hands-on training reading trade publications attending classes internet set up realistic scenarios extrication evolutions mvc rescue operational cycle roof removal door pop dash displacement click image to play video extrication evolutions mvc rescue operational cycle roof removal extrication evolutions mvc rescue operational cycle door pop extrication evolutions mvc rescue operational cycle dash displacement return to service mvc rescue operational cycle maintain safety keep handlines in place stay away from vehicles being moved by towing personnel retrieve and clean all equipment inspect gear for damage, vehicle fluids, and patient fluids photo courtesy of bill bennett tools & equipment preventive maintenance tools & equipment preventive maintenance chapter 34: vehicle extrication-objectives tools & equipment preventive maintenance following completion, the student should be able to describe or demonstrate the following: four key points of preventative maintenance for vehicle rescue tools and equipment maintain a state of readiness tools & equipment preventive maintenance inspect equipment after each use on a routine basis damaged equipment replace repaired by trained personnel fuels tools & equipment preventive maintenance fill tanks as needed add stabilizers to stored fuels and do not leave in storage for long periods maintaining records tools & equipment preventive maintenance document all inspections and maintenance performed to the equipment summary summary vehicle extrication vehicle design and technologies tools and equipment mvc rescue operational cycle tools and equipment preventative maintenance summary www.etsrescue.com pennwell and emergency training solutions extend our deepest thanks to the many individuals, fire departments, and companies who graciously contributed their photographs to this project. we also thank the fire departments who opened their doors to our team. these images have defined this training program, and without the support of our numerous contributors, it would have been impossible to create such an effective means to train the next generation of firefighters.